Urban sprawl

The term â€Å"urban design† may have been coined in the mid-1950s but 20 years later it was still largely unused outside a small circle of people concerned with the four- dimensional development of precincts of cities. It has a wide, almost boundary-less definition with different connotations depending on professional discipline or the particular context within which the urban environment is being assessed. It is the process of making or shaping physical forms through cognitive perception (senses) (Arnheim, 1969)-it is not simply an intellectual process nor can it be.Design is not linear and constitutes a sensual engagement with reality (not virtual reality). Elements of Urban design: Urban Design involves the design and coordination of all that makes up cities and towns: a. Buildings, b. Public spaces, c. Streets, d. Transport and e. Landscape. Urban Design weaves together these elements into a coherent, organized design structure. The urban design structure defines the urba n form and the building form. Design is also making of things through indirect or unintentional actions.It is the physical and geometric manifestation of underlying forces generated by human ehavior and its interactions with the environment. The way you arrange your furniture in the living room to be â€Å"comfortable† is an act of design that has behind it significant underlying (cultural) forces and determinants (Hall, 1966). Consequently, as we approach design in our culture, we have basic approaches and conventions for interpreting human behavior and needs into design form. 0 People: need, want, aspiration, passion. Program: what and how much of something satisfies the stated need. 0 Context: bio-physical, cultural, Jurisdictional, historic/time, interrelationships. Organization, structure, and process. 0 Design elements, principles, and relationships or compositions (art): space, enclosure, movement, and circulation. 0 Structure, manufacturing, and economy. References an d source: Urban Design. org. Books: Jon Lang – , Urban Design: A typology of procedures and products, Ron Kasprisin – Urban Design, the composition of complexity. 4. Short notes: a.URBAN SPRAWL: The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas. Poorly planned development that spreads a citys population over a wider and wider the land between them and the city fills in as well. Examples: . A Northern Virginia housing development encroaches on farmland. Population growth and relocation is threatening rural environments across the world. Photograph by Sarah Leen Written by John G. Mitchell Republished from the pages of National Geographic magazine. 2. In the United States, urban sprawl is becoming a matter of increasing concern.From 1970 to 1990, people who worked in U. S. cities moved farther and farther from urban centers. The population density of cities in the United States decreased by more than 20 percent as people in cities moved to suburbs and outlying areas. About 0,000 square miles of rural lands were gobbled up by housing developments. For example, the population of the city of Chicago decreased during this period from 3. 4 million people to 2. 8 million. But the Chicago metropolitan area grew from about 7. 0 million persons to 7. 3 million.Sprawl occurs in metropolitan areas that allow unrestricted growth or that have no plans to contain it. Other factors include the widespread use of automobiles and the building of expressways. Example: Mexico City. References and Source: Unbelievable aerial photographs of Mexico City show how the urban landscape preads over mountains while maintaining a remarkable 25,400 people per square mile. â€Å"In a megalopolis like Mexico City,† Mail, â€Å"the relationship between man and space is ever so apparent. ww. pearlandisd. com† National geographic. com – By John G. Mitchell in July 2001, Fraser Sherman – Demand media. b. URBANIZATION: Urbanization is the physical growth of urban ar eas which result in rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities, particularly the very large ones. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008. By 2050 it is predicted that 64. 1% and 85. 9% of the developing and developed world respectively will be urbanized.Urbanization is closely linked to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. Urbanization can describe a specific condition at a set time, i. e. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So the term urbanization can represent the level of urban development relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing. Example:Chicago 1854 1898 Graphs: Source: United Nations, World urbanization prospects: The 2003 revision, population division of department of economic and social affairs of the United Nations secretariat. c. URBANITY: Urbanity refers to the characteristics, personality traits, and viewpoints associated with cities and urban areas. People who can be described as having urbanity are also referred to as citified. Example: They seek papers and panels that investigate elements of urbanism and urbanity during' the long nineteenth century, such as: urbanites (the flaneur, the prostitute, the detective, the criminal, etc. urbanites and the rise of consumer culture; immigrants and urban communities: urban domesticity in literature and culture; architecture, urban design, and city planning; urban spaces and the gothic imagination; motilities and forms of urban transport; the politics of urban space; the city and the natural environment; urban cartographies; urban crime and violence; urban spaces and urban peripheries (Suburbs; ghettos, wastelands, industrial zones, dumps and other hybrid spaces); urbanism and public health; animals and urban environm ents; concert halls, opera houses, and other urban entertainment venues; estaurants, cafes, and urban eating and drinking; leisure and urbanism; city/country divides; and the anti-urban tradition in art and literature.Typology (in urban planning and architecture) is the taxonomic classification of (usually physical) characteristics commonly found in buildings and urban places, according to their association with different categories, such as intensity of development (from natural or rural to highly urban), degrees of formality, and school of thought (for example, modernist or traditional). Individual characteristics form patterns. The word type has been derived from the Greek word ‘Typos' which means ‘impression'.A type in urban design is a characteristic set of form properties of a building, a space or combinations of both (groupings of buildings or spaces, combinations of buildings and spaces). A type is not a concrete example that can be copied. It is a means of estab lishing a relation between a large numbers of comparable objects. Keeping that in mind it can be seen as a kind of ‘generalized model'. In contrast to a category that has a sharp delineation, the delineation of a type is vague and it is multiple interpretable. This makes it pre-eminently suitable to be used in a design process because it occupies a position in between abstract ideas measures than to the modern measure. The type incorporates quality and quantity, but it is not necessary to revert to pre-rational scientific ideas to use it.Buildings have been classified in many different ways, depending on the nature of the study, and the purpose of the classification. In building type studies, for example, buildings are classified according to their functions. The purpose of building type studies is to compare the methods by which different architects have responded to imilar client needs (building task), under different economic, social, technical and site constraints. Hospita ls are studied together, and so are schools, houses, office buildings, stadiums and so on. The differences in the design approach among the designers can be very instructive. References and Sources: Books: Urban Design: A typology of procedures and products, Urban sprawl The term â€Å"urban design† may have been coined in the mid-1950s but 20 years later it was still largely unused outside a small circle of people concerned with the four- dimensional development of precincts of cities. It has a wide, almost boundary-less definition with different connotations depending on professional discipline or the particular context within which the urban environment is being assessed. It is the process of making or shaping physical forms through cognitive perception (senses) (Arnheim, 1969)-it is not simply an intellectual process nor can it be.Design is not linear and constitutes a sensual engagement with reality (not virtual reality). Elements of Urban design: Urban Design involves the design and coordination of all that makes up cities and towns: a. Buildings, b. Public spaces, c. Streets, d. Transport and e. Landscape. Urban Design weaves together these elements into a coherent, organized design structure. The urban design structure defines the urba n form and the building form. Design is also making of things through indirect or unintentional actions.It is the physical and geometric manifestation of underlying forces generated by human ehavior and its interactions with the environment. The way you arrange your furniture in the living room to be â€Å"comfortable† is an act of design that has behind it significant underlying (cultural) forces and determinants (Hall, 1966). Consequently, as we approach design in our culture, we have basic approaches and conventions for interpreting human behavior and needs into design form. 0 People: need, want, aspiration, passion. Program: what and how much of something satisfies the stated need. 0 Context: bio-physical, cultural, Jurisdictional, historic/time, interrelationships. Organization, structure, and process. 0 Design elements, principles, and relationships or compositions (art): space, enclosure, movement, and circulation. 0 Structure, manufacturing, and economy. References an d source: Urban Design. org. Books: Jon Lang – , Urban Design: A typology of procedures and products, Ron Kasprisin – Urban Design, the composition of complexity. 4. Short notes: a.URBAN SPRAWL: The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas. Poorly planned development that spreads a citys population over a wider and wider the land between them and the city fills in as well. Examples: . A Northern Virginia housing development encroaches on farmland. Population growth and relocation is threatening rural environments across the world. Photograph by Sarah Leen Written by John G. Mitchell Republished from the pages of National Geographic magazine. 2. In the United States, urban sprawl is becoming a matter of increasing concern.From 1970 to 1990, people who worked in U. S. cities moved farther and farther from urban centers. The population density of cities in the United States decreased by more than 20 percent as people in cities moved to suburbs and outlying areas. About 0,000 square miles of rural lands were gobbled up by housing developments. For example, the population of the city of Chicago decreased during this period from 3. 4 million people to 2. 8 million. But the Chicago metropolitan area grew from about 7. 0 million persons to 7. 3 million.Sprawl occurs in metropolitan areas that allow unrestricted growth or that have no plans to contain it. Other factors include the widespread use of automobiles and the building of expressways. Example: Mexico City. References and Source: Unbelievable aerial photographs of Mexico City show how the urban landscape preads over mountains while maintaining a remarkable 25,400 people per square mile. â€Å"In a megalopolis like Mexico City,† Mail, â€Å"the relationship between man and space is ever so apparent. ww. pearlandisd. com† National geographic. com – By John G. Mitchell in July 2001, Fraser Sherman – Demand media. b. URBANIZATION: Urbanization is the physical growth of urban ar eas which result in rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities, particularly the very large ones. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008. By 2050 it is predicted that 64. 1% and 85. 9% of the developing and developed world respectively will be urbanized.Urbanization is closely linked to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. Urbanization can describe a specific condition at a set time, i. e. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So the term urbanization can represent the level of urban development relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing. Example:Chicago 1854 1898 Graphs: Source: United Nations, World urbanization prospects: The 2003 revision, population division of department of economic and social affairs of the United Nations secretariat. c. URBANITY: Urbanity refers to the characteristics, personality traits, and viewpoints associated with cities and urban areas. People who can be described as having urbanity are also referred to as citified. Example: They seek papers and panels that investigate elements of urbanism and urbanity during' the long nineteenth century, such as: urbanites (the flaneur, the prostitute, the detective, the criminal, etc. urbanites and the rise of consumer culture; immigrants and urban communities: urban domesticity in literature and culture; architecture, urban design, and city planning; urban spaces and the gothic imagination; motilities and forms of urban transport; the politics of urban space; the city and the natural environment; urban cartographies; urban crime and violence; urban spaces and urban peripheries (Suburbs; ghettos, wastelands, industrial zones, dumps and other hybrid spaces); urbanism and public health; animals and urban environm ents; concert halls, opera houses, and other urban entertainment venues; estaurants, cafes, and urban eating and drinking; leisure and urbanism; city/country divides; and the anti-urban tradition in art and literature.Typology (in urban planning and architecture) is the taxonomic classification of (usually physical) characteristics commonly found in buildings and urban places, according to their association with different categories, such as intensity of development (from natural or rural to highly urban), degrees of formality, and school of thought (for example, modernist or traditional). Individual characteristics form patterns. The word type has been derived from the Greek word ‘Typos' which means ‘impression'.A type in urban design is a characteristic set of form properties of a building, a space or combinations of both (groupings of buildings or spaces, combinations of buildings and spaces). A type is not a concrete example that can be copied. It is a means of estab lishing a relation between a large numbers of comparable objects. Keeping that in mind it can be seen as a kind of ‘generalized model'. In contrast to a category that has a sharp delineation, the delineation of a type is vague and it is multiple interpretable. This makes it pre-eminently suitable to be used in a design process because it occupies a position in between abstract ideas measures than to the modern measure. The type incorporates quality and quantity, but it is not necessary to revert to pre-rational scientific ideas to use it.Buildings have been classified in many different ways, depending on the nature of the study, and the purpose of the classification. In building type studies, for example, buildings are classified according to their functions. The purpose of building type studies is to compare the methods by which different architects have responded to imilar client needs (building task), under different economic, social, technical and site constraints. Hospita ls are studied together, and so are schools, houses, office buildings, stadiums and so on. The differences in the design approach among the designers can be very instructive. References and Sources: Books: Urban Design: A typology of procedures and products,

Critique of a Commercial Air Conditioning System Sales Speech

This essay is a critique of a recent commercial air conditioning system sales presentation. These commercial systems are manufactured by a Japanese company and are sold in the United States directly to building owners. Consulting engineering firms are also targeted by this HVAC manufacturer because these firms must specify the system to be used in their new building construction projects and because the engineers within the consulting firm usually have some sway and influence on the building owner. This sales presentation was conducted by a Regional Sales Manager for the HVAC manufacturing company. His name is Dennis and he is a mechanical engineer by education who has spent his fifteen year career in outside sales. Dennis’s audience consisted of a dozen consulting engineers who have the ability to specify and help promote these expensive, high-quality HVAC systems to commercial building owners. Dennis and his company chose a very nice, spacious, well-lit conference room within a Marriott hotel to conduct this sales presentation. This two-hour presentation was a prelude to a day-long presentation that would follow later. It began at 10 a. m. nd was followed by a lunch for the attendees at noon. Dennis used two large projection screens; one was for a PowerPoint presentation and the other was for a laptop computer display that demonstrated a software design program for the company’s HVAC systems. Dennis had his room and supporting materials ready by 9:30 a. m. in case some members of his audience arrived early. Dennis was dressed in crisp slacks, dress shoes and a p olo-type golf shirt that had his company’s logo on it. His audience of consulting engineers was mostly conservatively dressed. A couple of them wore golf shirts, but the others had dress shirts with ties or dress shirts with blazers. Based on his known audience of consulting engineers, Dennis should have dressed more formally and conservatively. He began his presentation as all good presenters do, with an attention-getting device or anecdote. He told a short story about his earlier days in minor league baseball. He pitched, and could reach 90 miles per hour with his fastball. But, his fastball lacked movement and he had no other pitches that he could throw consistently for strikes. To keep their attention, Dennis said he would pitch golf balls to audience members throughout the presentation. Dennis is a middle-aged, stocky, well-groomed sales professional with good posture and good enunciation. He varies his tone, cadence and vocal volume to good effect. He regularly moves around his stage area and sometimes walks among his audience, and he uses hand gestures and varied facial expressions frequently to hold his audience’s attention. A southerner, his speech is grammatically correct and nicely formal. He has a booming voice, and uses it every once in a while when he senses a lull or when he wants to enthusiastically make a point. Apart from saying the phrase, â€Å"you know,† every once in a while, his presence and content are professional and non-distracting. Dennis’s presentation was interesting and informative for his audience of engineers because his company manufactures an expensive, state-of-the-art system that is capable of simultaneous heating and cooling. The audience’s interest was confirmed because they asked many pertinent questions. Dennis used his dual screens and handout materials to make and reinforce his product’s attributes and advantages versus their competition. The engineers even worked on their laptops to get a brief feel for the software program, but were firmly told to close their laptops after trying the design program. Open laptops throughout the presentation would have been very tempting and distracting for the engineers, and Dennis did not allow it. And, as every fine speaker does, Dennis ended his presentation with a dramatic, memorable closing summary and statement of his product’s virtues and his company’s commitment to quality.

A Compare and Contrast Essay on Batman and Iron Man

Today, we can see so many heroes in society. Various types of heroes appear in various cultures and various countries. Heroes give us confidence and we can trust them. I chose two heroes for comparison and compared it based on the cultural aspect and its behavior. The two heroes are Batman and Ironman. In the movie, the image of the hero is very clear. They are strong muscles; beat the bad guys to save the world, they have a girlfriend or a girlfriend. Their health is very good, their health is good. Because Iron Man and Batman are my favorite superheroes, I always wanted to contrast. There are some similarities between Iron Man and Batman, but both fight against the rogues to protect people and cities. They do not have super powers, they use technology and weapons to make their suit. Because everyone at Gotham is afraid of Batman, there are also some differences between Batman and Ironman: Iron Man is a hero, but Batman is a dark hero. Let's first introduce the similarities between Iron Man and Batman, then explain the difference between Batman and Iron Man in detail. After comparing Iron Man and Batman, it is difficult for me to choose who is better. Because I am still in primary school, I have been a Batman for a long time. I have not explained all the differences and similarities between Iron Man and Batman, but if you want to know more about them, try the movie. The movie is really funny. You can choose between Ironman and Batman. For casual movie fans, the idea of ​​comparing Iron Man and Batman seems reasonable given the apparent similarities of both. But trying to compare the two according to a darker question, Iron Man knows that it is not dark, so many people confuse it. However, if you are accustomed to manga books of a specific form or form called Iron Man, this comparison is fair considering how serious the cartoon book Iron Man is compared to the light version in the movie. Let's compare who is a more meditative villain - Iron Man an d Batman

Literature Review Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Literature Review - Thesis Example Applying the lean principles is an important part of the stages where the product development takes place. The key part of VSM is to understand and visually represent the processes involved. It is essentially therefore a modelling of all processes involved in the product development. When the product is developed or even during the design stage, it is also necessary to validate these processes. The various case studies mentioned in this paper show how lean principles have been applied and how VSM is carried out, for what purpose and the outcomes achieved. It is shown that at the heart of this is the extraction of as much value as possible. The important element that enables the above is data. Data collection and analysis is therefore the foundation for the entire endeavour. However, managing the data is not a straightforward task. There are issues of quality and procedures to consider for data management and movement, security and traceability, and appropriate data modelling. Data warehousing provides a total architecture for all data collection, storage and retrieval requirements, which is suitable for today’s needs. Moreover, data mining allows lean principles to be applied for extracting valuable data. Vibration testing is one particular area in which lean principles and VSM not only have significant potential but their use is critical. This is especially so for safety reasons besides improvements to structural design, increasing the longevity of the product and enhancing its overall quality. This review of the literature delves on the ideas and studies of others on the topic of value stream mapping. This could help to gather useful ideas, improve existing ones, and also put the researcher’s own study into context. Following a brief description of lean principles and methodologies, we describe Value Stream Mapping (VSM) in detail and discuss the significance of value as well as

A review in light of the policy concerns Term Paper

A review in light of the policy concerns - Term Paper Example The share of federal budget awarded to each State corresponded with the rise in cases their respective welfare systems had to deal with, leaving no incentive for the States to consider curtailing the number of cases. Thus, amidst growing dissent, Clinton signed the aforementioned Act into effect in August 1996. Nickel and Dimed portrays the deficiencies of this system. While there is an obvious incentive for unskilled but able-bodied idlers to seek work and support their families themselves albeit at minimum wage, such incentive has little to offer as Ehrenreich, as a result of her practical experiments in Florida, Maine and Minnesota proves that wages tend to be minimum while work is all the more labor intensive, resulting in her being unable to save enough at the end of the month and struggle to put forth next month’s rent (Ehrenreich, 2001). In the case of a health emergency, she would find herself in a quagmire of financial difficulties. This can be relaxed by policy measu res at the hands of the government in favor of awarding free health care to those who are honest contributors to society but fall within a relaxed income bracket, while still encouraging them to work. Ehrenreich’s belief regarding her skin color may be warranted by the notion that racism is particularly strong when the individuals dealing with each other both belong to a different class. If an upper class citizen deals with a lower class poverty line worker earning minimum wage, certain precepts come into play that have become part of the moral dilemma within American societies.

Individual Reflective Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Individual Reflective Report - Essay Example More than half of the workforce employed on temporary basis with limited or no perks and benefits i.e. employee discounts, lunches, T&D allowance etc, offered other than market competitive salary. Lack of contractual obligations often resulted in unannounced resignations from junior employees with no notice period. Also, as a result of major policy changes, middle managers mainly store managers were made contractual and course of career progression within ABC was made restricted. Therefore, the interest of such managers in developing and retaining basic talent as a business leader was rather limited due to their own limited career growth. The store owners who were the founders and directors of the store were the only stable position holders in the organization and maintained a distant relationship with rest of the workforce with communication mainly through emails or meetings at head office. Resultant was no communication of management’s values, beliefs and goals to rest of th e employees. Furthermore, HR department was responsible for providing menial support in terms of recruitment, payroll and employee management instead of playing a role of HR business partner. A critical analysis of the situation illustrates that there were eminent issues faced by ABC in terms of lack of leadership display, employee motivation, managerial control, communication of vision and strategic partnership between HR department and rest of the business. The given situation was observed by senior management when a surprise visit was paid by one of the partners to the store which was met by a series of change in some basic policies. During an open meeting with senior managers, I shared my views by stating that that most of the employees perceive their compensation and benefits to be highly uncompetitive and was willing to switch for minor raises. With the help of this input, management increased some of the benefits while keeping the basic salary structure same and also began th e regime of employee recognition through best sales man of the quarter and monthly birthday celebrations etc. Despite the fact that these strategies were expected to increase employee’s morale, there was a limited increase in employee retention rate. Therefore, the interventions designed were not addressing the root causes of the problems faced by ABC. Self-Evaluation and Application of Organizational Theory Analyzing this scenario in the light of organizational change models, it was found that internal formal and informal subsystems along with industry related factors were triggering this change in employee retention (Waddell et al., 2011). The management identified lack of reasonable perks as the key factor behind low employee motivation and retention ignoring lack of leadership and managerial control at ground level. The change that was induced by the senior management had an episodic impact with no continuation in betterment of existing policies. Resultant was a convergen t change followed by small adaptation to existing market practices, loose support from managers and leaders along with small positive output. Analyzing this progress in the light of change offered by Plowman et al (2007), it was observed that ABC needed a continuous and radical change since the internal system was undergoing major instabilities. The discrepancies were existing organization wide and a frame-bending adaptation was required. Another major lacking observed in

Impact of Social Web on Society Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Impact of Social Web on Society - Research Paper Example Te people using social websites are able to distribute/share private information, such as blog entries, photographs, and videos. There is an example of a social website that is MySpace. This social website is very famous equally with music groups and individuals, who want to share information about their tour dates, and distribute their songs on their profile pages (Bowles, 2010; Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005; Kulshreshtha, Kumar, & Sehgal, 2011). In addition, one of the most important advantages of social websites is that they are very supportive and useful method to stay in touch with many people (friends, relatives, colleagues etc.). In this scenario, if an individual has interesting news which he/she desires to share with other people (friends, relatives or community), with social web it turns out to be very simple since he/she can add/enter it on his/her personal bulletin board and it will be distributed or transferred to the people to whom he desires to share. In this way, the social networking sites play a major role in meeting with new people, whatever the purpose of it (a business deal or friendship) (Parrack, 2012; Dubai School of Government, 2011; Schultz, Schwepker, & Jr, 2012).

He is My Hero - Essay about my Grandfather Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

He is My Hero - about my Grandfather - Essay Example He might never have caned me but his advice challenged me even at a very tender age. He would always be straightforward with me and warned me that he was not going to watch me turn into a wicked child. He was a very loving man, not only towards me but also towards my grandmother. My grandfather had a great heart, to be sincere, I have not known anyone with such a heart. His face always shone with a smile even when facing hard times. Most thought his life was ever smooth but we who were around him knew the many hardships he had faced. Even when he was sick and could barely raise his head, he always preached peace and love. He would call all of us, his grandchildren and tell us how important it was to be good to other even when they were not good to us. Being a great physician, he would always inspire me by the way he dedicated himself to ensuring that he gave his best to his patients. Sometime he would wake up in the middle of the night to go attend to patients even he was not in duty , particularly when he learnt that there were emergency case. I will never forget one incidence since it really touched me. It revealed to me something I had never known about my grandfather. I would often go to see him in the hospital when I was young since he worked a few metres from our house. While I was visiting him on one of the occasions there happened to be a patient who needed a liver transplant but had not found a donor even after making requisitions from several organizations that deal with organ transplant. However, it happened that my grandfather’s liver matched with his. Nonetheless, the hospital prohibited organ donation by the staff members. Irrespective of this, my father requested the surgeon in charge to arrange for him to donate part of his liver to the almost dying man. The surgeon was reluctant and reported the matter to the hospital administrator. When the administrator learnt of my grandfather’s plan, he threatened to sack him if he decided to g o on with his plan. Most thought that my grandfather would give up and forget about the whole issue but his personality could not let him do so. He demanded that he had to donate his organ, which he eventually did though he lost his job. Most of his workmates felt that he was irrational since he was helping a stranger at the expense of his job. Even the family members could not understand his actions. Several years later, I asked him why he had chosen to do this. What he told me made me realize he was a rare kind of a person. He was a bighearted hero and no one or anything could prevent him from doing what he was right. He told me that the best thing you can do is to follow your instincts if you felt what you were doing was right, since you only have one chance to live. Giving up a job to enable him donate his liver was one of the greatest sacrifices that a person could ever make. We knew he was noble and generous but not to such an extent. Those who knew him in the hospital thought he was just a physician like any other doctor, but he was more than that. You only needed to know him more to realize the kind of a person he was. When he lost his job, he decided to dedicate himself to charity work. Some thought he was ridiculous to spend his time working as a volunteer in hospitals that took care of less privileged. According to him, he was just doing the right thing. He was such a talented doctor, but he used his talent

Development research skill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Development research skill - Essay Example defined as the information that has been collected and studied for the first time and the secondary research can be explained as analyzing and interpreting the information collected in the primary research (Kirk and Miller, 2001). The use or the application of the primary research is that it is important and applied for answering various queries and also questions and it includes surveys, questionnaire and interviews that is conducted with small groups and individuals. And the secondary research is used or applied for publishing the research reports in surveys, internet and library and it is also useful in preparing the reports of the governments, universities and also medical councils. The secondary research generally utilizes properly the information that are studied or researched by the researcher previously and it is easily available to the public (Wainer and Braun, 1988). The intellectual ownership in relation or in consideration with the primary and the secondary research are the research that is conducted have some right which includes copyrights, trademarks, patents and also the trade secrets (Davies and Dodd, 2002).The intellectual ownership in context of the research can be explained by the fact that the research is required to be conducted in such a way that it maintains honesty, confidentiality, compliance with the various requirements and also disclosure of the various interest and also adhering the various relationship between the other researchers. Therefore in perspective of the study of the business management the intellectual ownership can be protected (Glesne and Peshkin, 1992). Secondary research paper can be explained and described as the source for analyzing, interpreting, commenting, summarizing and evaluating the processes the information that is collected on the basis of the primary sources. The materials for conducting the secondary research is included for the publication of the articles in newspapers , journals and also

Personal Development and Careers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Personal Development and Careers - Essay Example This is the reason why it is advised to appreciate whatever good things that a child has made in order to reinforce good behavior out from them. Parents therefore are advised to learn more about their children especially in their growing up days. On the other hand, unfavorable consequences of certain actions are also learned which resulted to doing things that will end up positive results. Children only learn a little about the world and most of their learning can be acquired from their daily experiences with adults. Parents are continuously feeding their children with the right or even wrong information. However, children can also acquire their knowledge from media or even other people aside from their parents or closer relatives at home. Children learn about their immediate surrounding out from their experiences. Whatever they feel, hear, smell or see on a day to day basis is considered part of their experience. In the same way, adults have the same mechanism as they continue to su rvive and make the most out of their lives in this world. Adults have to learn different things everyday but most of the time; their learning does not require more about theoretical aspects. They appreciate the most essential and practical part which is experience. In this manner, adults behave in a way that what makes sense to them are only those things they learned importantly out from their experience. Most of them based their choices in life on their learned things out from their experiences. In IQ tests and even in other behavioral tests, it is found that experiences have significant impact on the corresponding results. For instance, a person who is exposed to a certain environment for quite a long time may have been influenced by what he perceives in his surrounding. Thus, when this person changes his environment, a new set of perspective may eventually change his previously perceived things in life. Thus, a person living in other country for quite a long time and returns to h is mother land may possess different behavior. As mostly noticed, personality may change and this is feed by the acquired behavior at a particular experience at certain time. This is the reason why personality changes over time and the way an individual behaves. The acquired learning or knowledge from a certain experiences has something to do with the necessary changes of someone else’s personality and eventually behavior or perspective in life. This is the reason that in most firms, especially in hiring supervisory and managerial positions, experience is very important deciding point. Experience is equated to substantial knowledge and understanding of the specific job function. Based on this assumption, an individual who has more experience is considered to have more meaningful behavior about his or her job. For instance, managers are expected to lead and anticipated to act as someone to be on top of his or her subordinates. Those subordinates are mostly not expected to beha ve in the same way as managers do. It is true that the mind cannot be seen or observed but its actual function can be critically considered through observing specific behavior or actions of a person. It is hard to identify the mind and the actual thought. Usually, it can only be understood in detail once behavior or specific actions of a person are observed. In the same way, whatever is learned cannot be exactly

Examine jungs understanding of religeon Essay Example for Free

Examine jungs understanding of religeon Essay Carl Gustav Jung a Swiss psychiatrist and a contemporary to the most controversial minds: Freud, who of which Jung’s theories to begin with were influenced by, but later grew opposition towards his ideas and started pursuing his own. Simply Viewing religion as a natural process and considered it as something that was ultimately good for our mental well being. Jung’s understanding of religion is solemnly based on his individual perception of psychology, in order for one to understand his theory it is essential to acknowledge key features. To begin with Jung argued the libido which is said to be the main cause of neuroses is where psychic energy is produced, the energy is needed for the work of our personality to be performed efficiently, opposing to what Freud defines as a sexual drive essential to be released. This indicates Jung views religion as something of a deeper meaning and holds a lot more value to be classed as something created due to our supposedly guilty sexual desires. Jung’s work with patients with a range of different beliefs lead to him forming a link between different types of religions. Jung identified the similarities found in a number of religions for example in Islam Muslim’s refer to god as light ‘nur’ correspondingly in Christianity â€Å"I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life. (John 8:12) therefore Christians describe his as the ‘Light of the World’. Such comparisons that are too complex to be classed as a consequence caused Jung to declare not only do we all as humans have a un-conscious part and conscious part split in our brain, we also all have a collective un-conscious in our un conscious which we are all born with and is the oldest part of our brain. Due to everybody having the same collective unconscious results to us creating the same images, therefore explaining why everyone shares a similar idea of god, shared by all of humanity. These images are formed in the archetype, Jung stated the archetype is categorized into five different parts: the persona, shadow, animus, anima and God and self. Jung thought the self was the most vital part of our psyche; in order for us to ensure we stay healthy it seeks the integration of all of the parts of our characters â€Å"Individuation means becoming an ‘in-dividual’, and in so far as ‘individuality’ embraces our innermost, last, and incomparable uniqueness, it also implies becoming one’s own self. We could therefore translate individuation as ‘coming to self-hood’ or ‘self-realisation. † Jung states are un-conscious mind which is split in 5 parts is set of sometime during our life and results to becoming un-balanced along with the imbalance of the conscious and unconscious part of our brain, the failure of maintaining harmony leads to a cause of mental disorder in order for us to prevent this we turn to religion to make us a whole individual, we need answers and a belief in god, religion is used as a cure. The images created in the god category of our archetype supply us to successfully integrate the conscious and un-conscious parts of our personality. Jung’s theory explains why we as human beings value religion; if one of us were to oppose it we would be disturbing our natural individuation process. Therefore accepting religion is beneficial for the sake of our sanity and mental health, Jung viewed religion from a positive perspective although he did not personally believe that god exists his approach on the topic was respective â€Å"nothing positive or negative has been asserted about the possible existence of any god† Jung stated although the likelihood of god existing is slim yet he may exist. Furthermore removing religion would potentially cause psychological problems, as opposed to Freud who felt religion is an illness everyone should strive to overcome. Jung states religion stabilizes you and makes you whole.

Desegregation and the Future Essay Example for Free

Desegregation and the Future Essay The civil rights movement was one of the most pivotal periods in United States history, and Martin Luther King was one of the most influential. In Martin Luther Kings speech, Segregation and the Future, to convey the theme of freedom he uses rhetorical devices such as repetition and metaphors. In his speech, the use of repetition was used to better convey his points and to let the audience know what he wants with clarity. An example of this repetition is when he repeats the word, leaders. His use of repetition for the word leaders was to remind the National Committee of Rural Schools that they are supposed to lead with a purpose and that purpose according to Martin Luther King was to better educate both white and black students with equal treatment. He wants the leaders of the committee to lead others in a better way of thinking, and to stray from current ideas that infringe on the rights of African Americans. Another example of repetition in his speech is his use of the words, not the way. He wants the audience to know he views would impede upon their cause. He lists violence, hate and bitterness as things that are, not the way to help with their cause. The second prominent rhetorical device that Martin Luther King used were metaphors. One example of a metaphor that coveys the theme of freedom is when compares a, festering sore to segregation. Martin Luther Kings comparison shows his contempt for segregation and how freedom is always the better choice. Comparisons to negative objects or situations, put things like segregation into a more personal and more understandable meaning, making this metaphor powerful. A second example of Kings use of metaphor is his comparison of the Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board to a joyous daybreak that ended the long night of human captivity. Martin Luther King uses this comparison to show how momentous this Supreme Court decision was. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation in schools was unconstitional, became a huge step toward equality and Martin Luthers comparison shows this. Martin Luther Kings use of repetition and metaphors makes his speeches more inspiring and more emotional to others. Without his use of rhetorical  devices, his speeches would fall on deaf ears and wouldnt have caused a movement toward equality. His use of repetition and metaphors in this speech better display his themes of freedom and have inspired America for years to come.

Significant Sociological Research In Relation To Educational Change Education Essay

Significant Sociological Research In Relation To Educational Change Education Essay The Educational changes in United Kingdom are basically the tripartite system, comprehensive education and the changes that have taken place since 1979 to 1988. The tripartite system was introduced in Britain in 1944 which set up three types of schools: grammar, secondary modern and technical school for pupils up to the age of 15. Each schools ordering a different type of education, was based on the idea that there were different kind of intelligence, each needing a different kind of schooling. Grammar school offered an academic education leading to qualification; secondary modern gave pupils a practical education with few opportunities to get qualification. Pupils were allocated to school via the 11+, better pupil were creamed off to grammar school while the rest attending secondary modern schools. The system was more bipartite than tripartite. [Gidden, A. p482] Comprehensive school were introduced in 1965 by labour along with grammar school. The aim of the government is to remove many of inequalities of the tripartite system and to end the selection at 11+via the 11+ exams and to break down the class barrier in society as one schools for all pupils in a particular area meant that all social classes would be brought together. Pupils would have more opportunities to gain qualification. The biggest changes in education took place in 1988 under Thatcher regime. They saw that education was failing to provide a sufficiently skilled workforce. They also believed that schools were failing pupils and needed to raise the standard of education. The education policy that took place under Thatcher regime were National curriculum in England and Wales, The Act also brought Standard Assessment Tests [SAT] at 7, 11, 14 and 16. School could opt out of their LEA and become Grant Maintenance School, Parent empowerment to choose school for their children, formula funding of schools and vocationalism education such as NVQ, GNVQ CTC and New vocationalism. In conclusion, tripartite system shows a class division in schools for creaming off the bright student in school to grammar school and the rest to secondary modern and technical school. Eleven + culturally favoured the middle class and majority of student in grammar school came from middle class background. Grammar school received more money per student than other types of school and girls have to achieved higher pass than boys before they can get to grammar whereas comprehensive school remove the inequalities that existed under the tripartite system and higher proportion of pupils gained more qualification and GCSE and A level rate have all risen and brighter pupils are not held back. According to Ball et al [1994] the government education policy encourage the parent choice, creation of new types of school- Grant Maintained, CTCs, Technology college status, publishing of the national testing and league tables of exams results and decision for a school to opt of LEA control was given to parents of pupil at school. The New Right thinking is about competition and choice[Haralambos and Holborn p616-621] 3.3 EVALUATE THE CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY AND UNDERSTANDING OF PROCESSES AND STRUCTURES WITH IN SCHOOLS. The Interactionist view on processes of schooling and the relationship between teachers and student seems to be very important for the effectiveness of education since social class influence in educational attainment. Teachers tend to share an image of ideal pupils whereas teachers perceived middle-class pupils as close to the idea, and lower working class pupils as furthest from it. Label is a major feature placed on a person by others. Teacher tends to label middle-class as good student this may discourage working -class pupils. When pupils labelled as bright others will tend to respond to them and interpret their actions in term of this label, there is a tendency for a self-fulfilling prophecy to result. The hidden curriculum refers to the message schools transmit to pupils without directly teaching them or spelling them out, it consists of values, norms, beliefs and ideas which are embedded in the normal routines and procedures of school life. In functionalists view, the transmission of society core values can be seen as part of hidden curriculum such as the value of individual achievement, pupils are encouraged to achieve good grades, qualification, it prepares them to achieve as individuals in the wider society. In Marxists view, the hidden curriculum of schools is the transmission of ruling class ideology, producing next of generation of workers schooled to accept their roles in the society. [ Haralambos and Holborn p603] Marxists are very critical of the role played by the education system. They do not agree with functionalists and others that it is a meritocratic system but rather it keeps the inequalities found in capitalist society going. It does by pretending to give everyone an equal chance but the reality is that those from middle class background do better at school than those from working class background. This is why Marxists often talk about the myth of meritocracy [Haralambos and Holborn p 604]. In functionalists view, education is a meritocratic that is a system in which social positions are filled on the basis of individual merit and achievement, rather than ascribed criteria such as inherited wealth, sex or social background. [Haralambos and Holborn p601]. In conclusion, Each of the theories have their own view on education but no one theories can stand on his own and we cannot blame the structure of schooling underachievement to outside influence. Functionalists think that education is needed and if it wasnt there, society wouldnt function properly and they teach the skills and knowledge needed in peoples future lives. Marxists think that education reinforce class divide and that it maintains inequality in society. Feminist thinks that education is bad as it clearly divides and separate girls from boys. They think it is more suited for boys. 4.14.2 EXPLAIN DIFFERENTIAL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT SCHOOLS. AND ANALYSE CULTURE AND STRUCTURAL EXPLANATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL ACHIEVEMENT. Education Attainment refer to as been able to complete a course successfully and obtain a qualification that may lead to employment. Children educational attainment from various background can be influenced by in school factor [human, physical, financial resources] and out-school factor [poverty, parental interest, language difference, cultural capital, positional theory] are related to background of the childs parent. Studies found that some student performs better than others. Evidence shows that class position; gender and ethnicity play an important role in determines the educational achievement of some and failure of others. The following sub section will explain those aspects in full details. CLASS AND ATTAINMENT/ACHIEVEMENT Social class differences in educational achievement are not purely the outcome of cultural factors, such cultural deprivation and cultural difference. There are many factors that contribute to the determination of why working class student tend to achieve less. Cultural deprivation is one of the reasons why working class student are generally achieving less than middle class student. It attributes to working class underachievement to the fact that they have often been brought up with a negative attitude towards education. According to J.W.B Douglas [1964] which focuses on the key role of parental aspirations, claiming that working class parents are less interested in formal education of their children and hence in their success[Haralambos and Holborn p629-630]. Boudon positional theory [1974] suggest that it is harder for working class children to aspire to university and high status professions because there is no parental role model to follow, hence expectations of parents, teachers and peers are lower[Warren,K. et al p242]. Cultural difference theorists, however suggest that there is a natural difference between working class culture and middle class culture, inevitably placing working class children at a disadvantage in schools. For example, Peter Bourdieu[1977] argues that middle class culture is more closely linked to that of the school, meaning that pupils are more likely to understand what is being taught. The point is about cultural capital the taste, ideas and knowledge of parents more closely matches that of teachers so their children are on the same cultural wavelength and are therefore rewarded with greater educational success. This was further back up by evidence carry out by Alice Sullivan [2001] who showed a close relationship between cultural capital and social class in terms of reading, access to TV, newspaper, participation In cultural activities and vocabulary used[Haralambos and Holborn p636]. Basil Bernstein [1990] support this idea with his study into speech codes, which suggested that middle class childrens knowledge of a more elaborated vocabulary allowed them to understand the teacher better than working class children, who were confined to a more restricted speech code. Bernstein view is that the middle class language structure is the same that used by teachers in contrast to the working class language structure code, which is far more restricted. Hence, the school system is culturally biased in favour of the middle class. According to Paul Willis [1969] in his study into sub-culture also limits student educational achievement as the student can only do as well as their label allows. Labelling of student by teachers is a theme that was developed by Keddie [1971] he concluded that the educational outcome for different classes becomes a self- fulfilling prophecy. The labelling is of course based less on actual performance than on stereotyped expectation[Warren,K. et al p242-243]. Functionalists believe that an individual academic success depend upon his IQ and effort they apply to their studies. They also believe society works in a meritocratic system. Marxists believe that this is due to social class and that in education only the ruling class values are transmitted. This means that working class people find it difficult to get along with the education system. GENDER ATTAINMENT/ACHIEVEMENT Girls outperforming their male counterpart from primary to university level and the dramatic change happen across culture and continent. In 1970 research focus on girls underachievement within the educational system. According to Oakley [1974] a radical feminist argued that primary socialisation plays an important role in shaping, conditioning boys and girl and help to reinforce existing gender stereotype. This also have impacts on the educational aspiration of girls who are socialised to become passive, submissive and future nest builders. Furthermore, Sue Sharpe [1976] support this view and claims that lower class girls priorities and aspiration is to be in love, get married, have a husband and children are in conflict with their educational success. Radical feminist emphasised on reading materials and the content of textbooks as being sexist in nature and these reinforce gender stereotype. Michelle Stanworth [1983] interviewed teachers and student from seven different classes in the humanities department and found that teachers both male and female displayed certain stereotypical attitudes towards their students. Girls, who were not in the lot of submissiveness, silent and unresponsive, were seen as having the potential to break through a professional career. Moreover, teachers themselves often saw marriage as the outcome of most girls. In term of classroom interaction, it was seen that boys were more assertive and took part in class discussion while teachers gave girls lesser attention, although they outnumbered boys. Functionalist argued that there is tendency to exaggerate over the issue of patriarchy impacting on school curriculum. They pointed out that feminists studies are not enough to rely on and not valid because there have been inadequate samples and weak methodologies to support their claims and make representative generalisation. Statistics have shown that boys and girls do achieve equally well at school and in different fields. Moreover, free and compulsory education has opened door for girls and they are able to compete on equal terms. Later, research by Randall [1987] criticise of Stanworths study by arguing that latters research are bias and unfounded. He also found that in laboratory classes girls are more forthcoming to interact with their teachers [Haralambos and Holborn p642-649]. ETHNICITY AND ATTAINMENT/ACHIEVEMENT Britain is a multicultural society and educational attainment of ethnic minorities has become nature of debate for a long time. The Swan Report [1985] found that there were several significant difference between the achievement of ethnic minorities and whites in Britain [Haralambos and Holborn 2000]. However, this phenomenon has not stagnated since other studies like The Studies Policy Institutes Fourth Survey of ethnic Minorities [1994] reported that there was considerate improvement in educational qualification of ethnic minorities when compared to figure in the 1980s[Modood et al 1997]. Below is the explanation of some studies that tries to explain why ethnic minorities do underachieve in education. Jensen [1974] and H. Eysenck [1971] both have sorted out that black were genetically less intelligent than whites while Herstein and Murray [1994] put forward that IQ scores are caused by both genes and environment factors, since black are more likely to live in poverty. They also found in their research that even if environment are equalised, that is when black and whites of similar income levels and occupational statuses blacks do have a slightly lower IQ test score. The Swan Report [1985] found that linguistic factor in Britain might be responsible for some ethnic minorities since English is not their mother tongue and lack of fluency became an obstacle. Bernard Coard [1971] saw that the British educational system made black children become educationally subnormal by making them felt inferior in every way. Racist stereotypes that exist in society are reinforced by teachers expectation; the latter would negatively label children coming from minority groups. The child comes to see him/herself as such and when he/she is only fit for manual and unskilled jobs[HaralambosHolborn. p649-653]. Bodmer[1972] criticism explained that sometimes it is impossible to control all environmental factors that can affect IQ scores as prejudice and discrimination against black people will always hinders equalisation of environment with whites. Pilkington[1997] challenge the idea of a genetic basis for IQ not fixed by genetics as IQ scores have increasingly been rising among ethnic minorities in many parts of the world and secondly, difference in socio-economic status largely explain educational differences. Coards view must be treated with care as he has over generalised over the issue, there is evidence of Asian children in Britain who have achieved well. However, according to Ken Pryce [1979] Afro-Caribbean preferred to send their children back to their country to study because black are deprived of the value needed for school success. [Warren,K.et al p246]. 4.3 EVALUATE A RANGE OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH FINDINGS IN RELATION TO ACHIEVEMENT, SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION. Paul Willis [1977] developed a neo-marxist approach to education. Willis approach focus on how education prepare workforce and adopted a research method by using symbolic interactionism in his study and variety of methods at Midland school in England. He used observation and participation observation in class, school, leisure time and formal interview. Paul Willis carried out his study by observing a group of 12 working class boys in one school in the Midland whom he observed for 18 month and followed them for the first few months at work. These 12 working class boys formed a group with a bad attitude towards school. Willis referred to them as lads. The lads form a counter school culture. They see themselves as superior to teacher and earoles. Having a laff is the most important thing and very sexist and racist, they also see themselves as a real man. Willis argued that the lads failed themselves deliberately in recognition of the inevitable manual working future that awaited them. According to Blackedge and Hunt [1984] they criticised Paul Willis for using small group of 12 pupils to carry out his research and all of them were boys ignoring the aspect of gender [girl]. He did not considered children in society as a whole. Willis ignores other cultures within the school and since 1977 there are few jobs in manual work, therefore many such lad stay on longer and develop same attitude to work. [HaralambosHolborn.p605-608] Michelle Stanworth [1983] interviewed is based on the A level student and teachers of humanities subject. She found that teachers gave more time and attention to boys and expected more from them. Teachers both male and female tend to know the names and expressed more concern and interest in boys. Stanworth conclude that all the attention and interest shown by the teachers both male and female to the boys, the girls do better than boys in the exams. Stanworth research was unethical because the girls did not know that they were been observed. Dale Spender [1983] the invisible woman claims womens contribution is largely controlled by men who use their power to further their own interests. The curriculum favour a male perspective womens contribution to human progress are often ignored. Girls receive less attention than boys in the classroom. Boys are often abusive to girls but are not told off. Male dominance in society is the cause of girls difficulties in education but schools help to reinforce the dominance. According to Randall [1987] he criticised the method used by Stanworth and Spender. Stanworths work was based on interview rather than direct observation. Therefore, it cannot actually establish that teachers are giving less attention to girls. [Taylor, P. et al p306-307] Mac en Ghaill [1992] studied African-Caribbean and Asian student in a sixth form college in Midland. He found that the way student responded to schooling varied considerably and was influenced by their ethnicity, gender and class composition of their former secondary schools. All of the ethnic minorities student experience problem in their educational system but in a different way depending on their gender and ethnic group. The study is important because it shows how class, gender and ethnicity interact with the school system and Mirzas study shows that negative labelling does not necessarily lead you to academic failure. [Kirby, M. et al p204-205]

Bless Me Ultima :: essays research papers

â€Å"Bless Me Ultima† In the book â€Å"Bless Me Ultima†, by Rudolpho Anaya, there were two families represented, the Marez family and the Lunas family. These two families were very different, but were brought together by the marriage of Gabriel Marez and Maria Lunas. Through the eyes of their son Antonio one may see the comparison of the two. The differentiation of these two families is very clearly noticeable, such as in their personalities, the expression of their religion, and their everyday ways of life. One can easily see the difference in their personality even down to the most basic things. The Marez’s are very free spirited, they do not like to have to worry about things. They can be seen mainly riding their horses around the llano. An example of this is shown in the book where Gabriel Marez speaks of his move to Guadeloupe at the birth of his son, Antonio. In this he says, "The move lowered my father in esteem of his compadres, the other vaqueros who clung tenaciously to their way of life and freedom." On the other hand the Lunas are more down to earth. They are farmers, so they stay in one place to grow their crops, and are very land oriented. They concentrate more on work and less on the free will that can be seen in the Marez family. As far as religion goes the Lunas are far more religious than the Marez family. Religion plays a very important part in the life of the Lunas. They believe highly in God and everything else that is involved in the Roman Catholic religion. Maria Lunas is shown to be praying to the Virgin Mary on many different occasions in the book. The Lunas family has been encouraging Antonio to become a priest throughout his life, to the point that he believes he is obligated too. This is clearly shown in the book where Antonio states, â€Å"My mother was a devout Catholic, and so she saw the salvation of the soul rooted in the Holy Mother Church, and she said the world would be saved if the people turned to the earth.† On the other hand the Marez family is not very religious at all. They don’t believe that God plays a very important part in their lives. One can even see the differences through there everyday lives. The Marez family are very restless people.

The Affects Of Sin On Man In The Scarlett Letter Essay -- essays resea

The Affects of Sin on the Individual in The Scarlet Letter   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel, The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, there is a reoccurring theme of the affects of sin on man. The three main characters, Hester Pryne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingsworth, are all affected by the sin of Hester Pryne and Arthur Dimmesdale. Hester Pryne is strengthened by the sin, Arthur Dimmesdale is weakened by it, and Roger Chillingsworth becomes evil because of it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The protagonist, Hester Prynne is, in essence, strengthened by the sin she commits with Arthur Dimmesdale. She turns the meaning of the letter â€Å"A† from adultery to able. She seeks redemption in the eyes of God and man through the good deeds she does for others. She becomes â€Å"self-ordained a Sister of Mercy,† who’s new role is that of a tender nurse to the colony’s ill(158). She asserts that fulfillment and love are worth fighting for, and she continues to walk about Puritan Boston with her head held high. However, the sin she commits has the opposite affect on her lover, Arthur Dimmesdale.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Weakness and frailty overcome the minister, Arthur Dimmesdale. Dimmesdale becomes an unknowing victim to Hester Prynne’s husband, Roger Chillingsworth. Chillingsworth maneuvers himself into an intimate friend and constant attendant to Dimmesdale. The worse Dimmesdale feels, the stronger he appears in the eyes of his congregation. He grows pale and thi...

A Farewell to Arms as a Classic Literary Work Essay -- Farewell Arms E

A Farewell to Arms as a Classic Literary Work      Ã‚   A classic literary work has been defined as a work "that lasts through generations because of its universality of theme, ageless symbolism, word choice and the ordering of detail."   A Farewell to Arms, by Ernest Hemingway should be considered a classic literary work due to the universal themes, ageless symbolism, word choice, and story detail.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although there were several themes in this book, a major theme seemed to dominate the story.   This theme is the importance of love and loss in a male emale relationship.   These two lovers were so absorbed in each other that they needed no one else in their life.      'Wouldn't you like to go on a trip somewhere by yourself, darling, and be with men and ski?'   'No. Why should I?'   'I should think sometimes you would want to see other people besides me.' 'Do you want to see other people?'   'No.'   'Neither do I' (Hemingway 297).      This conversation shows that Catherine loves him so much that she is willing to be alone just so he can be happy.   At the same time, Mr. Henry would probably like to go skiing but would never dream of leaving Catherine alone.   Death wins out over love.  Ã‚   TO CLARIFY WHO IS SPEAKING, PUT THE QUOTE INTO YOUR PAPER JUST AS IT IS WRITTEN IN THE NOVEL.   WHEN THE SPEAKER CHANGES BEGIN A NEW LINE.   .  Ã‚   THE PUNCTUATION SHOULD APPEAR AFTER THE PARENTHESES ONLY, NOT AFTER THE INSIDE THE QUOTE AND AFTER THE PAGE NUMBER.    'It is very dangerous.'   The nurse went into the room and shut the door. I sat outside in the hall. Everything was gone inside of me.   I did not think.   I could not think.   I knew she was going to   die and I prayed that she would ... ...d dialogue and story line makes this an easy to read and understandable ageless story.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Introduction. Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea, 1987. Hemingway, Ernest. A Farewell to Arms. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1957. Lewis, Wyndham. Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Farewell to Arms. Ed. Jay Gellens. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1970. 56-64. Young, Philip. Ernest Hemingway. New York: Rinehart, 1952. Internet Sources Ernest Hemingway in His Time.   July, 1999. Universtiy of Delaware Library, Special Collections Department. 29 Dec. 2000 Flashback. July, 1999. The Atlantic Monthly. 29 Dec. 2000   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hemingway Campfire. February, 2000. Hemingway Nantucket Campfire. 5 Jan. 2001 http://hatteraslight.com/navy/Hemingwayhall/cas/448.html.

Intercultural communication Essay

Perception in psychology is defined as a process of obtaining information through one’s senses and interpreting that information as something meaningful. Perception can either be programmed into or learnt by a brain, or it can be formed due to one’s culture. Culture based perception is in some way influenced by experiences of culture and environment. For example, a person’s perception of right and wrong may be based on the norms of the society he lives in. Some characteristics of the American culture and their examples Individualism – American youth ‘move out’ to gain independence and to build their lives. Equality – providing equal opportunities to candidates during job recruitment processes. Materialism – the culture of recycling and having garage sales depicts how Americans value material goods and don’t waste resources. Science and technology – strong encouragement for science projects during schooling, and promoting it through movies and television. Progress and change – research and development in various fields is strongly supported by the government, so that the country may continue to be progressive and become a pioneer in every field. Work and leisure – as much importance as work is given in the American culture, there is equal attention paid to leisure and recreation – as is evident through the countless getaways and recreational family parks present in the country. Competition – incentive plans at work, and similar reward systems during education promote the notion of healthy competition among the Americans. Work, Dress, Sex and Status In America, work and productivity are considered important to achieve a high standard of living which is why the annual number of work hours has been increasing every year. Dressing habits tend to be highly informal – concepts like â€Å"Casual Fridays† at work reflect this part of the American culture. Sex education is imparted at an early stage to students to increase awareness about and to minimize sexually transmitted diseases. The culture of discriminating based on social status has been fading out as the notion of equality has started to spread more powerfully. Theories by Hofstede, Hall, Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck to Analyze Culture These theories and the studies that had been conducted by these people, in my opinion, are quite useful in this age of globalization and ever-diminishing boundaries. They highlight the importance of differences in cultures worldwide, while also highlighting the similarities and therefore helping cross-culture psychologists find a common set of human values. Bibliography Mick Underwood (2006) CCMS – Communication studies, Culture studies, Media Studies Infobase by Mick Underwood. Retrieved on February 20, 2007 from: http://www. cultsock. ndirect. co. uk/MUHome/cshtml/index. html Wikipedia (2006) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved on February 20, 2007 from: http://en. wikipedia. org.

Erikson’s Time Line Essay

The aspect of psychological science in general studies the expressional characteristics and character of all(prenominal) exclusive in relation to their motivation, actual manifestations in terms of their actions, traits, perception, reasoning and others. In this concern, the apprehension of psychology uses numerous get downes and ideals in its exploration of the humanity field in disseminating and explaining the meaningful and influential factors to the development of individuality and nature complex.Relative to the actual concern, the field of psychology also take the backward approach wherein it explains the background of each action and ending of each individual influential to their reach to that certain point including the relationship of forward experiences, childhood factors, and other relevant issues. However, influential in the general pursuit of the adopt of psychology is the approach of gradually exploring the human development through disseminating the someo nes lifetime into progressive point in times. In this concern, the concept of Eriksons time line becomes a significant concept offering brain towards a persons in-personity and behavior.According to Eriksons time line, each individual passes through each life- item virtues as he or she age in life wherein the persons behavior and personality develop as he or she contemplates over specific stage contrast. In each stage, a person must assess two distinguishable virtues relative to the age and level of his or her life find how the person ripe(p) towards reaching the next level and hold back through life development.On assessing the personal journey of the generator of this write up base on this time line, it likely appears that this generator is within the fidelity stage wherein he is prevailingly contemplating with the concept of identity and role confusion. In this particular stage, the person is still determine the path of which to pursue in life relative to the determi nation of his or her dominant identity on social and flight matters.This is largely true in the author of this paper of which, he is still experimenting and deciding on the path of his passion, motivation, and determination. Mostly, the pressure of determining the persons life closing gives the most hindrance in this stage of which is likewise true for the author of this paper. In addition, the challenge of finding the suitable and trenchant model from which to relate ones decision in this stage is also a important matter towards conquering this stage. Indeed, the author of this paper is within this stage of choosing the best military position and the proper direction for his life which impart likely determine his career and maturity date development into becoming a roaring adult in the future.BibliographyDr. Boeree, C. George (2006). Erik Erikson. Personality Theories. http//webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/erikson.html. may 3, 2008

Ms hall

I have read your summary regarding your current contend with changing foodstuffing trends and the upcoming reformal of your 5 year take up with a large warm service restaurant. You have had a long and bankable relationship with this international fast food club and this relationship has been an Important part of your firms growth. While you do eccentric some obstacles, there ar solutions to whip these. First hand and approximately Importantly lets establish out and discuss the problems you face.First the market trend effect The marketing trend challenge you currently face is a decline in the sale of kidskin meals. With engineering advancing kids no longer quantify the toys you market. In addition, child obesity and health problems are receiving greater attention in the media and the threat of advertising regulations is increasing, these regulations are already in place in Europe. Your manufacturing lives in China have at peace(p) up 40% due to an increase in raw mate rial costs and export tariffs. And to lift it off the overall epoch to market these toys is lengthy.Last and most important your team has been ineffective in addressing these market trends, and working collectively to resolve these Issues. Renewing this engagement and maintaining relationship Is important to your firm. Are you assuming the USSR wants to renew the contract and do they want toys? Is your firm fain to take on this large account at this time? These are 3 recommendations to second you. restructure of your organization this should be done prior to transition the contract, ask the USSR for extension of contract renewal.Re evaluate and countersink your mission and goals. dedicateing an innovation team or a R and D department. Teams and managers should have regular meetings with an agenda to implement your business strategy, improve communication and persona critical think ofing as a system to problem solving. Ineffective teams and quality assurance and usancef ulness should be monitored regularly to address future problems. A facilitator may be helpful to gulled the teams decision devising process during meetings.You may have employee resistance and cost and there go out be cost and time to train and recruit managers, moreover this must be done to endure success in your firm. Establish a technology based company relationship to market new mathematical products/incentives and incorporate into your marketing. Examples Tunes, Apple APS, bet station, Mineshaft, Game Stop, are a few technology ideas you can work with to offer new products or incentives in your marketing. The incentives should be correlated with some lawsuit of healthy choice the USSR offers. An example of this would be vegetables or fruit as part of the happy meal.Incorporating the product into a healthy choice will in like manner improve the public and media perception of your organization and demonstrates your flexibility for new innovative ideas that adjust to marke t trends go towards health and wellness. Move manufacturing to domestic location- you can serve to the market quicker, avoid Import and export tariffs, and development positive media volleyball by supplying more Jobs In the U. S. You an contract or set up your own manufacturing plant to supply your other accounts that use toys and incorporate your new products into production.With and provide Jobs to low income workers and or migrant workers. You can publicize these new opportunities for Jobs and fellowship growth to improve media visibility. One drawback to this would be time. You will have to establish resources and connections to build or contract a manufacturing plant. In conclusion I think you will find these solutions effective with some drawbacks but in the long run will help your organization thrive and adjust to the demanding changes of the future.

A Life’s Music Essay

victorious a deeper cipher at a passing game, pages 5-6, step up of Andre Makines produce A conducts harmony, you model a actually find of his air and the rightness of its cognomen. Makine tapers his skills as a writer in this take hold, you contract so a bent medicinal drug in the agree and when con forth inexpensive it is literally medicine to your ears. The appropriate near dis keep opens as you strike it and so contracts it a happiness to drive. He engrosss a caboodle of literary devices to authorize you this intelligence of symphony and stream onomatopoeia, illustration, smiles and adjectives.In this conversion, pages 5-6, Makine affairs a grand numerate of counterfeit rowing much(prenominal)(prenominal) as chat up, crackles, hisses, mourning, whimpering. He has them in the entirely conversion, as surface as the hold of account. Beca consumption of this Makine croaks the volume a sensation of medical specialty, by this I entail that the news non exclusively has echoic words and similarly asks interchangeable medication, when read let on loud, besides as closely as seeming ats kindred medicament when read. Makine is so cheerful, he manages to grade the nurse into melody and convey to this, you be on the whole and breathless engrosses into the record defy, in integrity case you require started course session it, youll non stop. other line of battle of his acumen is his opening contention of the go for I puzzle in force(p) now woken up, having conceive of of medical specialty. (P.5 L.1) Makine introduces us to the introductory chapter of his disk with stating that he (unnamed character) has woolgather of medication and from accordingly on in the record is fill up and consists of medical specialty. It is a truly(prenominal) clever focus of starting the contain, the beginning(a) song of the disk and we be subscribe in with harmony and what a foreign censure, stargaze of medicine, adept(a) does not usually conceive of of euphony. at bottom the low gear 2 meters you sack up imbibe the harmonyal mode of the book, music.The music in this transit is not real a happy unitary, in concomitant it is sort of demoralise and un contributey saw wood diagnose push d unity to one another(.), The lamentation of an babe(.), An marine bubble up of suspires(.) and The swan wips(.). e in truth(prenominal) of these credit entrys with band fundament you an cooking stove of a rather an modest part, not someplace you would necessity to be. Makine uses these quotations actually substantially they chip in you a extensive tonicity for the place and of the asynchronous transfer mode at the purport locate. The music in the transition is in reality well apply to draw and quarter the flavourings of the concourse at the charge The sh knocked by(p) of an babe rings push through very dis tinctly in the darkness, fades into pocket-size whimperings as it suck, move silent. (P5-6 L.21-23) The music is utilize to orient the consummation of the infants sorrow and its progressions as the emotion subsides.You see a feel of the infants goading for the butt that it seeks and once original the infant calms and so does the glitz of the music. besidesmore he uses music to show us the populations responses to things An marine sheikh of suspirations ripples done the hold-room. except the trueness is that no one expects anything more. (P.6 L.28-30) The waiting mickle buy pip told their hire is decelerate and as you would expect they sigh the show up is, they sigh in such(prenominal) a course that it ripes unsloped ilk an the maritime. present Makine does not all use and an onomatopoeic word, but all overly a metaphor an ocean young man of sighs. This go pasts you an go out of the mess sighing that the comparables of they would do a Mexic an quaver and it feeds the intemperate of the sigh such a magnitude. moreover this quotation is a vast physical exertion in the passage of how the book tends from one sentence to the next.along with Makines immense use of music, he uses a lot of adjectives and they go great deal in hand with his music. His adjectives give this passage a pace of power and it always affects the automatic teller hurls, pervert, criterion, grudgingly and bad weather. With the soldiers the adjectives argon employ to give this signified of possible furiousness (A) stamp refine beef of laughter, soly a crushed leather of a ingredient of starter low a foot, an oath. ii soldiers () queer a thoroughf ar through and through with(predicate) the quid of huddle bodies. (P.5 L.16-20)These soldiers give off this feel of hysteria, it come alongs if create they would oppose and they seem to hope to fight, they drum up a alley through a circle of plurality, they atomic number 18 raise the populate to stand up recite something nigh their behaviour. furthermore at the decease of the passage Makine uses fable to further rear his promissory note of forcefulness (I)t looks comparable a subject argona strewn with dead (P.6 L.45) This metaphor authentically ties a defer on the tone, at this stratum in that respect is no bimestrial the chance for at that place to be uncertainty over the tone. You argon habituated such an video of violence this passel of people at the take on station are move down on this nasty al-Qaida and they are so nonmoving and skunked unneurotic they just look like a mass of corpses. It is quite a despicable image.In terminus Andre Makines hyphen is very all the way music, the sound and the flow of it, and he uses onomatopoeia to try it into the book and does so very successfully. He uses metaphors to stress the music in the book and the metaphors besides supporter to give the music an increase magnitu de. In combine with these literary devices Makine likewise uses similes and a through use of adjectives to make the music in the book stand out and to stand by the book flow from one sentence to the next. I personally really love this book, it has stuck out as book among the books I have thus far-off read and I compute it impart continue to do so. Andre Makine is a extraordinary and mean writer, the point that he gave this book its title A carriages Music is no oddity at all, it breathes music.

Hum 176. Week 1 Mass Media

University of phoenix Material- make of concourse Media Worksheet import design 250-to 300-word answers to for each integrity of the future(a) Questions Answers What were the study(ip) nurtures in the In the betimes/ eye twentieth nose squirtdy brought a heap of instructions into the world. several(prenominal) of phylogenesis of big money media during the twentieth the blanket(a) communion stemmas let to adulterate hence with wirelesss, televisions, atomic number 6? virgins covers. The y byhful twentieth hundred added otherwise forms of media by internet, cordial chat, and engine room much(prenominal) as pictorial matter games. Media was the headway of refining and brought pot to annoyher. Media is a variety award of portion media and communicating outlets. in the lead visual sense communication, pile wrote earn and send them by ship to communicate. pretendherto since the phylogenesis, at that place be new slipway much(p renominal) as email, text messages, television system conferencing, chatting, etc. This carbon has altered to the media renascence and it has evolved into routine lifestyles. In the amount workplace, new waves of engine room film begun to go into on the evolution by removing files, the subprogram of paper, to a with child(p)er extent(prenominal) recycling, and utilize applied science to its profuse potential.The middling employer no long-acting requires paper applications. to a greater extent applications for traffic can be done online, by means of smartphone work with enti intrust one touch. another(prenominal) major training streamed lie in the first 1900s with the permission of the stamp wedge. As the contrivance successfully streamed, it allowed the intelligence agency press and local anaesthetic media to get much local news out effectively. Theatres embraced the line of cinema.More movies in any case became illustrious as com e out of the blow entertainment. in that respect were no yearner more outdoors level films. The films as well as gained communication done the development of radio. communicate became the ecumenical discloset to news, entertainment, and the come that good deal could rely on. The radio started to be the eruption attitude for many an(prenominal) operative to show their talents and for viewing audience to hear happen hit songs.The fresh twentieth degree centigrade brought on more collaborationism of medicament through the internet, booth phones, and applications downloads on the internet, and more. The major developments shoot been a great plus to the uncouth and entrust bear on to be embraced by individuals. How did each development tempt American grow?

Blood Sports (Debate) Essay Example for Free

crosscurrent Sports (Debate) establish rakehell boastsmans should non be criminalise whatever g eithers in that respect be with the rich psyche exclusivelytocks be unconquerable with reforms. The forgiving openhearted health establish custodyt has c whollyed for tighter regulation, including unreserved rules, ofttimes(prenominal) as requi anticipate medical exam clearance, theme pas larks to preclude frauds from scrap chthonian to a greater extent than than wholeness name, curb meshings for hardened periods aft(prenominal) pick apart unwraps, requiring that ringside seat atomic number 101s be pay by the describe on and non the promoter, and fashioning certain that the players be witting of the potentiality long final grab protrude of gunstock enjoy workforcets, w take outethorn ease shelter them to about(prenominal)(prenominal) degree. The Australian medical grappletie to boot recom handsds that media insurance coverage should be vanquish to condition economys resembling to those which practise to television viewing of military unit. Fin tot altogetheryy, the gentleman aesculapian joining suggests that all sufferes should overhear a ring physician cau conditiond to choke up the compress at some(prenominal) season. It has been account that no galosh regulations would be efficacious if go blows run thus far much(prenominal) authors wrongly lot fiendish on fist brand do for a stem of un getnesss cognize as Parkinsons syndrome. job frolics tummy result in invete regularize traumatic neurological conditions if representers argon non tumesce check overed, and passage of arms with aside regulations in demonstrate to their exposure. wadding screwing non accept Parkinsons illness or some other conditions much(prenominal) as Alzheimers disease as those ar communicable conditions so to implicate them together as cardinal piece of conditions is ill-jud ged and misleading. just somewhat 80% of cobblers lasts argon ca quest aftermentd by steer, brain, and neck injuries, so the removal of the lead as a advance land may take a s take a large release to the blur out flummoxs for this sport. heretofore it would withal wobble the precise disposition of the sport and may baseborn the great unwashed wont accede in it. tear downtual(prenominal)ly, governments should do what they can to stain tide rip sports as strong as possible, without losing the aggregate of the sport or censor it entirely. - (Banning ocellus sports would oblige concourse to add their enmity into much(prenominal) than than harmful, unpeaceful activities) at that place is no definitive scientific some(prenominal)ize linking development impact sport federation with world more trigger-happy in hearty settings. much(prenominal) statements give birth it sound as purpose we would beget not forcefulness in secern of magnitu de if all trace sport was remove and we all sack out that is untrue. ocellus sports isnt approximately knockdown-drag aneut attack, it is roughly controlled infringement this is precise several(predicate) to untamed behaviors. In a get across on violent sports in directs, conducted by the discharge Armstrong Foundation, a martial-arts teacher explained, get across and set upon sports depart students to mess hall with their hostility in a honest environs, so geniusr than in the linguistic context of the schoolroom or school hall path.This fiber of way out is not unless beta for youth, plainly for adults as well. Jason Brick give tongue to, constructive Views on furiousness In Sports, red-hot strong, January 7, 2011, accessed July 13, 2011, With / proposal of marriage (The takings of race sports on the smashers) soulfulnessal line of credit Sports aim been rough for decades. count madness principally triggers or serves in the increase of a ggression of an iodineness-on-one. Sports much(prenominal) as hand-to-hand struggle (smack down) and Ultimate disputeer aircraft emulation (UFC) argon fucking(a) sports and impart for the tight-fitting part blackball effect on those who finder them.The documental of these twain sports is to smite an respective(prenominal) into unconsciousness, regardon them pat out by inflicting distress, if no(prenominal) of these is fulfil indoors a time frame, the match is to be hang on and the resolve turn up who wins. umpteen children, teenagers, and flat so adults slope to try and reproduce a knock out or combos that were proven performed at one of these fights onto an individual in an ungoverned environment whether it is their sibling, friend, coworker, or a unk immediatelyn region for opposite reasons that includes only when is not peculiar(a) to a interpret or gymnastic horse play. ceremonial this sport leaves the viewer psychologically aggressive. For example, if some personate watches a match and gets into a fight with some other person posterior on, that person is more app arnt to hold a technique he dictum during the fight, and since at that place is no proofreader to stop the fight in moorage of asphyxiation or tap-out, the dupe is more promising to bleed, pass out or hitherto dies. During the 1980s, both men were in a cease discussing the Marvin Haggler and prick radiation Leonard fight that had occurred several days in advance, and in the sue on act to attest only how one of the slug come, both men went outside, draught a advertise with them.The conclusion sour tragical when one of the men landed a hit to the confabulate of the other, and much(prenominal) was the force of the blow, that the victim fell, hit his head on the sidewalk and started to bleed, and had to be inhumed a few weeks later. comprehend and permitting abandon to be seen makes it defy the expectance _or_ semblance common and legitimate when in incident it is not figure and it is despicable, plainly here is where lies some other problem which is called desensitization. umpteen eld ago when a horrible vista was rough to be depicted on your television set, there would starting appear a windowpane saw the images that you be most to see qualification defame the esthesia of plastered concourse or address to that effect. Well, name you observe that now they no overnight even bother covering that teensy-weensy window? Its as if the media distinguish that kind-hearted kind ar apply to everything by now. That cipher is acquittance to alter them that much. So what does this specify?It shows that us human creations be acquiring desensitized to everything and when that happens it a kindred federal agency that we breacht get so randy or so any(prenominal)thing any longer and so indeed weart fight any more each in order to arrive at for a change. We have all come to a bit where nothing moves us that much anymore. (Pain and imperfection as the expense of business line sports) numerous batch think somewhat sports in a contradictory way They accept craze in sports, but the injuries caused by that force-out make them uneasy.They calculate to want furiousness without consequences alike the ?ctionalized frenzy they see in the media and goggle box games in which characters engage in barbarity without being naughtily or permanently injured. However, production line sports be echt, and it causes real number nuisance, combat stain, disability, and even death (Dater, 2005 Farber, 2004 Leahy, 2008 Rice, 2005 Smith, 2005b Young, 2004a). Ron Rice, an NFL player whose calling cease when he draw reind an opponent, discusses the real consequences of p atomic number 18ntage sports. The barbarian bole conflict of the tackle left hand him temporarily paralytic and permanently disenable. He remembers that before I hit the ground, I knew my life history was over. . . . My physical structure froze.I was like a corner that had been expurgate down, teetering, then crashing, ineffectual to break my fall. research on pain and injury among athletes helps us look that communication channel sports have real consequences. Studies indicate that professional sports involving unforgiving body border and fringy violence are among the most tremendous workplaces in the occupational world. The equivalent could be said some broad(prenominal)-pro? le big businessman and motion extramural sports in which 80 pct of male and female athletes preserve at least(prenominal) one serious injury enchantment playing their sports and or so 70 share are disabled for two or more weeks. question shows a close joining mingled with superior ideas about maleness and the high rate of injuries in galore(postnominal) sports. Ironically, some place and capital punishment sports are create so that players relish that their world is up for grabs. workforce who de? ne maleness in toll of physically rule others very much use violence in sports as an chemical formula of this code of manhood. Until they critically examine issues link to sexual urge and the ecesis of their sports, they testament erroneously de? ne violence as a root word of rewards alternatively than a blood line of inveterate pain and disabilities that hold and jeopardise their lives. line of credit Sports (Debate). (2017, Jun 01).